Morphology

 MORPHOLOGY

This is a video talk about, what Morphology is.

Morphology  is the study of morphemes, which are the smallest significant units of grammar.

In morphology, there are Free and bound morphemes :

·         Free morphemes is morphemes which can occur freely in their own.

·     Bound morphemes is morphemes which can only occur as affixes. This morphemes are divided into two types : (affixes) those like ‘dis-’ and ‘un-‘ and (prefixes) those like ‘-ly’ and ‘–ness’.

Derivational morphology :

-        Commonly occurring prefixes are ‘be-‘, ‘de-‘, ‘en-‘, ‘ex-‘, ‘hyper-‘, ‘pre-‘, ‘pro-‘, ‘re-‘, ‘sub-‘, ‘super-‘, and ‘trans-‘. Prefixes  alter meaning but do not always changes the function of the word.

-       Commonly occurring suffixes always change the class of the word.

a.    Word ending in the morphemes ‘-acy’, ‘-ation’, ‘-er/-or’, ‘-ess’, ‘-ity’, ‘-ment’, ‘-ness’, and ‘-ship’ tend to be nouns :

Democracy               actor               weakness

b.    Words ending ‘-ise/ize’ tends to be verbs :

epitomise                               hospitalise

c.    Words ending ‘-able’, ‘-ed’, ‘-ful’, ‘-ical’, ‘-ive’, ‘-less’, ‘-like’, ‘-ous’, and ‘-y’ tends to be adjectives :

Enjoyable                              polished                    comical         

Diminutives                          helpless                    industrious

d.    Words which end in ‘-ly’ tend to be adverb :

Quickly                                  securely

Thus, there are words which end in ‘-ly’ that function as adjectives and not as adverbs, such as :

          Lovely                                      friendly

        a lovely girl                             a friendly welcome

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